The Judicial Independence Commission was formed by the Supreme Court with the principal goals of fostering a better understanding of the role of the courts in a democracy and countering unfair attacks on the judiciary. Discussions for creation of the commission began in 2004 in response to a nationwide pattern of attacks on the courts and judicial rulings. The commission was officially empaneled in October 2005. The commission works to raise public awareness of the importance of a strong, independent judiciary in a free society. It promotes the teaching of civics. It also monitors threats on judicial independence in Pennsylvania and around the nation.

The commission has 11 members who are appointed by the Supreme Court. Members include state and federal judges, law professors and lawyers. There are two co-chairs.